Procedures & Anaesthetics

Anaesthetics prep 麻醉准备

麻醉准备 (Anaesthetics)

malignant hyperthermia(恶性发热); difficult intubation(插管困难); neck stiffness(脖子不可随意转动); back pain(腰疼); respiratory illness(呼吸器疾病); gastro-oesophageal reflex(胃道食管反射); dentures(假牙); crown/bridges(牙冠/牙桥); loose teeth/implants/caps(松动的植牙/牙冠);

cardiotocography/CTG (胎心监护)；

blood test: D-dimer(D-二元体);

gastroscopy(胃镜); colonoscopy(肠镜); polyps(大肠内息肉);

Pathology and immunization 化验及疫苗

Blood tests(验血)

blood count(); HIV/AIDS(人类免疫缺乏病毒); platelets(); hemoglobin(); hematocrite();

Immunization(免疫针)

diphtheria(白喉); hepatitis A(甲肝); hepatitis B(乙肝); measles(麻疹); mumps(腮腺炎); rubella/German measles(风疹/德国麻疹); tetanus(破伤风); varicella/chickenpox(水痘); whooping cough(百日咳); poliomyelitis(脊髓灰白质炎);

herpes-zoster/shingles(带状疱疹); meningococcal disease(脑膜炎); haemophilus influenzae/Hib(流感杆菌疫苗); rotavirus(轮状病毒);

HPV vaccine (human papilloma virus)(人类乳突病毒疫苗); the vaccine protects against cervical cancer

biopsy(切片检查/活检); puncture(穿刺);

Obstetrics and gynaecology 妇产科

Antenatal care:

hysterectomy(子宫切除手术); hysteroscopy(照子宫镜); repair of current obstetric laceration(产科裂伤修补); ovary(卵巢); uterus(子宫);

mastectomy(乳房切除术);

Labour临产

C-section/cesarean section(破腹产); artificial rupture of membranes to assist deliver(人工破膜助产); fetal monitoring(胎儿监控); forceps delivery(钳产接生); vacuum extraction delivery(真空吸引助产);

Pain relief during labour: nitrous oxide gas(氧化亚氮/笑气麻醉); strong pain relieving injections(强度镇痛注射); epidurals(硬膜外麻醉);

Neck 颈部

carotid endarterectomy(颈动脉内膜切除); tonsillectomy(割扁桃腺);

thyroid gland(甲状腺); thyroid cancer(甲状腺癌); thyroxine(甲状腺素); hyperthyroidism(甲状腺高能症); hypothyroidism(甲状腺低能症); thyroiditis(甲状腺炎);

thyroidectomy 甲狀腺切除；left-hemi thyroidectomy 左半边甲狀腺切除；

Spine 脊椎

laminectomy(椎板切除术); excision intervertebral disc(椎间盘切除); spinal fusion(脊椎融合);

vertebrae(脊椎); cervical vertebrae(颈椎); lumbar vertebrae(腰椎);

cervical cord/thoracic cord/lumbar cord/sacral cord/coccygeal cord(颈椎/胸椎/腰椎/荐椎/尾椎);

Respiratory 呼吸

respiratory intubation(呼吸插管); mechanical ventilation(机器换气/通气); nasopharyngeal intubation(鼻咽插管);

Chest 胸腔

coronary angioplasty stent placement(冠动脉血管成形支架放置); coronary artriography(冠状动脉造影); percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty/PTCA(经皮徹照冠状血管形成术/通波仔); coronary artery bypass(冠状动脉搭桥/心脏搭桥手术);

diagnostic cardiac catheterization(诊断性心导管术); echocardiogram/diagnostic ultrasound of heart(超声心动图); angioplasty(血管成形术);

incision of pleura(切开胸膜); thoracentesis(胸腔穿刺术); chest drainage(胸腔引流);

lumpectomy(乳房肿瘤切除);

vascular surgery(血管手术);

Abdomen 腹腔

gastroscopy(胃镜检查); colonoscopy(结肠镜检查); upper gastrointestinal endoscopy(上节胃肠内视镜); percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram(经皮肝穿胆管造影);

appendectomy(盲肠切除); hernia(疝气);

hemodialysis/haemodialysis(洗血/洗肾/血液透析); flexible pyeloscopy(软性肾盂镜);

cholecystectomy(胆囊切除术); colectomy(结肠切除术); prostatectomy(前列腺切除术); hip replacement(髋关节置换);

hemorrhoidectomy(割痔疮); flexible cystoscopy(软性膀胱镜检查); ureteroscopy(输尿管检查); myomectomy(肌瘤切除术); circumcision(包皮环切术);

Hip 髋/臀

hip prosthesis(人工髋关节); dislocation of hip(髋关节脱位);

Knee 膝

arthroplasty (关节形成手术)

Ear nose throat eys 耳鼻喉眼

cataract surgery(白内障);

blurring(視力模糊); acuity(視力); diploplia(重影); photophobia(畏光); Presbyopia(老花)

Brain/neural 脑部/神经

Stroke(); ischemic stroke(); hemorrhagic stroke(); contracture(痉缩); muscle contracture(肌肉挛缩);

Others

Wound:

laceration(割伤/裂伤/划破); rupture(撕裂/破裂/断裂);

Open wounds consist of incisions(割口/切割), abrasions(磨损/擦破), lacerations(割伤/裂伤/划破), punctures(刺伤), penetration(穿破伤) and gunshot wounds. Closed wounds such as contusions(挫伤), hematoma(血肿), and injuries caused by crushing(跌伤).

Treatment technique:

intubation (插管法/插管手术); cannulation(套管术); excision(切除); excise (切除); intravenous infusion(静脉输液);

transverse (横向/横截面);

Access modality of a medical procedure:

percutaneous(经过皮肤的); lumen(腔/管状器官的空腔/如血管腔、肠管腔); transluminal(经过管腔的);

Patient education 医疗手术视频

a. MedlinePlus, 美国一家医疗咨询站, 收有现场实录的个案手术过程，主刀医生和辅助医生同时讲解个案病者的情况、手术的医疗目的、分析等等。

b. Your Practice Online, 一家开发病人教育课件的网站，视频可以选择有声或是无声地观看。实际上是象幻灯片的演讲，你可以只是一页一页地阅读，这是我个人喜欢的模式，可以自己操纵观看速度。这里的视频对象是病人，所以图像简单，讲解比较基础。

Grouped terms

Liver肝; Kidney肾; Spleen脾; Pancreas胰脏; Gallbladder胆囊;

laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查; gastroscopy(胃镜检查); colonoscopy(结肠镜检查);Shortcode